不可否认，女生和男生在不同学科的表现上，的确存在差异。
但这种差异是性别造成的吗？社会约定俗成的偏见是不是才是那只无形的手？
为什么人们普遍认为男生天生比女生擅长数学？
是偏见造成了现象，还是现象带来偏见？
联合国儿童基金会最近发布了一份报告表示其根本原因在于性别歧视、性别刻板印象。
来源：环球日报
网址：
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202209/1275358.shtml
Girls lagging behind boys in math
女孩在数学方面落后于男孩
Around the world, girls are falling behind boys in mathematics, with sexismand gender stereotypesamong the root causes, according to a United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) report published on Wednesday.
联合国儿童基金会(UNICEF)周三发布的一份报告显示，世界各地的女孩在数学方面落后于男孩，性别歧视和性别刻板印象是其根本原因。
mathematics n.数学；运算；计算
sexism n. (尤指对女性的)性别歧视，性别偏见
stereotype n.模式化观念(或形象)；老一套；刻板印象
The report finds that boys have up to 1.3 times the odds of obtaining mathematics skills than girls. Negative gender norms and stereotypes often held by teachers, parents, and peers regarding girls' innateinability to understand mathematics are contributing to the disparity.
该报告发现，男孩获得数学技能的几率是女孩的1.3倍。教师、家长和同龄人通常持有消极的性别规范和刻板印象，认为女孩天生不懂数学，这是造成这种差异的原因。
odds n.可能性；(事物发生的)概率
innate adj. 与生俱来的；天生的
This also underminesgirls' self-confidence, setting them up for failure, says the report, "Solving the equation: Helping girls and boys learn mathematics," which features new data analyses covering more than 100 countries and territories.
《解决方程式：帮助女孩和男孩学习数学》报告指出，这也削弱了女孩的自信心，使她们失败。该报告着重分析了覆盖100多个国家和地区的新数据。
undermine v. 逐渐削弱(信心、权威等)
equation n. 方程式
territory n.领土；版图
"Girls have an equal ability to learn mathematics as boys. What they lack is an equal opportunity to acquire these critical skills," said UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell in a press releaseconcerning the report. "We need to dispel the gender stereotypes and norms that hold girls back, and do more to help every child learn the foundationalskills they need to succeed in school and in life."
“女孩和男孩有同等的学习数学的能力。他们缺乏的是获得这些关键技能的平等机会，”联合国儿童基金会执行主任凯瑟琳·拉塞尔在一份有关该报告的新闻稿中说。“我们需要消除阻碍女孩前进的性别刻板印象和规范，更多地帮助每个孩子学习他们在学校和生活中取得成功所需的基本技能。”
press release n. (向媒体发布的)新闻稿
foundational adj.基本的；基础的
An analysis of data from 34 low- and middle-incomecountries featured in the report shows that while girls lag behindboys, three quarters of schoolchildren in Grade 4 are not obtaining foundational numeracy skills. Data from 79 middle- and high-income countries show more than a third of 15-year-old schoolchildren have yet to achieve minimum proficiencyin mathematics.
该报告对来自34个低收入和中等收入国家的数据进行了分析，结果显示，虽然女孩落后于男孩，但四分之三的4年级学生没有获得基本的计算技能。来自79个中等和高收入国家的数据显示，超过三分之一的15岁学生尚未达到数学的最低水平。
middle-income adj. 中等收入的
lag behind 落后
proficiency n. 精通；熟练
Household wealth is also a determining factor. The report notes that schoolchildren from the richest households have 1.8 times the odds of acquiring numeracy skills by the time they reach fourth grade than children from the poorest households. Children who attend early childhood education and care programs have up to 2.8 times the odds of achieving minimum proficiency in mathematics by the age of15 than those who do not.
家庭财富也是一个决定性因素。报告指出，最富裕家庭的孩子在上四年级时获得算术技能的几率是最贫穷家庭孩子的1.8倍。参加早期儿童教育和护理项目的儿童在15岁时达到最低数学熟练程度的几率是没有参加的儿童的2.8倍。
determining factor 决定性因数
by the age of 到…年龄
The report also notes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemichas likely further exacerbatedchildren's mathematics abilities. Moreover, these analyses focus on girls and boys who are currently in school. In countries where girls are more likely to be out of school than boys, the overall disparities in mathematics proficiency are most likely even wider.
报告还指出，COVID-19大流行的影响可能进一步恶化了儿童的数学能力。此外，这些分析关注的是正在上学的女孩和男孩。在女孩比男孩更容易失学的国家，数学能力方面的总体差距很可能更大。
pandemic n. (全国或全球性)流行病；大流行病
exacerbate v. 使恶化；使加剧；使加重
UNICEF calls on governments to commit toreaching all children with quality education. It calls for new effort and investment to re-enroll and retain all children in school, to increase access to remedial and catchup learning, to support teachers and give them the tools they need, and to make sure thatschools provide a safe and supportive environment so all children are ready to learn.
联合国儿童基金会呼吁各国政府致力于为所有儿童提供优质教育。它要求作出新的努力和投资，使所有儿童重新入学和留校，增加获得补习和补习学习的机会，支持教师并向他们提供所需的工具，并确保学校提供安全和支持性的环境，使所有儿童都能做好学习的准备。
commit to 把…送交，托付给…
make sure that 一定要；设法保证
"With the learning of an entire generation of children at risk, this is not the time for empty promises. To transform education for every child, we need action and we need it now," said Russell.
“在整整一代儿童面临学习风险的情况下，现在不是做出空洞承诺的时候。要改变每个孩子的教育，我们需要行动，而且现在就需要行动。”
今日互动
对此，大家有什么看法？
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